The sample DNA is digested with one or more restriction enzymes. Specific adapters with overhang to the sticky ends produced by the restriction enzyme are ligated to the digested DNA.

The adapters contain the primer sequence(s) and often one extra base. The primer(s) are used to amplify fragments, which are then separated by gel-electrophoresis.

The number of fragments can be manipulated by the choice of restriction enzymes , the number of adapters used and whether the primers contain one or more extra bases compared to the sequence on the adapters.

The strains in lanes 14 and 15 show identical profiles.